PTFE ndi pulasitiki yolimba kwambiri yomwe imadziwika pakali pano. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana okhala ndi malo ovuta. Chifukwa cha magwiridwe ake abwino, pang'onopang'ono yakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri muzinthu zapulasitiki (Zonsezi zimatchedwa Polytetrafluoroethylene). Chifukwa chake, palinso opanga ambiri omwe amapanga zinthu zotere. PTFE imatha kupangidwa kukhala mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu, monga machubu, ndodo, mbale, ma gasket, mafilimu, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo osiyanasiyana.
Kodi chubu cha PTFE n'chiyani?
Polytetrafluoroethylene (yofupikitsidwa ndi PTFE), yomwe imadziwika kuti "Plastic King", ndi polima ya molekyulu yambiri yomwe imapezeka popolisha tetrafluoroethylene ngati monomer, yomwe ndi yoyera kapena yowala. Zinthuzi zilibe utoto uliwonse kapena zowonjezera, ndipo zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a kukana kwa asidi ndi alkali, kukana zinthu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe, ndipo sizisungunuka mu zinthu zonse zosungunulira. Kuphatikiza apo, PTFE ili ndi kutentha kwakukulu ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali pa -65°C ~ 260°C pansi pa kupanikizika kwabwinobwino. Imapangidwa ndi njira yotulutsira phala. Machubu a PTFE opangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito phala ndi osinthasintha ndipo amatha kupanga machubu a PTFE okhala ndi mainchesi amkati ang'onoang'ono ngati 0.3 mm mpaka 100 mm ndi makulidwe a khoma ang'onoang'ono ngati 0.1 mm mpaka 2 mm. Chifukwa chake, machubu a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) ndi chinthu chogwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana chomwe chimapereka ntchito zosiyanasiyana m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana.
Chifukwa chake machubu a PTFE amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri:
1. Kukana kutentha kwambiri, kosasungunuka mu chosungunulira chilichonse. Chimatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri mpaka 300 °C m'kanthawi kochepa, ndipo nthawi zambiri chingagwiritsidwe ntchito mosalekeza pakati pa 200 °C ndi 260 °C, ndi kutentha kolimba kwambiri.
2. Kukana kutentha kochepa, kulimba kwa makina abwino pa kutentha kochepa, ngakhale kutentha kutsika kufika pa -65 ℃, sikungawonongeke, ndipo kumatha kusunga kutalika kwa 5%.
3. Yosagwira dzimbiri, yosagwira mankhwala ambiri ndi zosungunulira, yolimbana ndi ma asidi amphamvu ndi alkali, madzi ndi zosungunulira zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe, imatha kuteteza ziwalo ku dzimbiri la mankhwala aliwonse.
4. Kuletsa kukalamba, pamene zinthu zili ndi katundu wambiri, kuli ndi ubwino wowirikiza wa kusakalamba ndi kusamamatira. Mapulasitiki ndi abwino kwambiri okalamba.
5. Mafuta ambiri, kuchuluka kochepa kwambiri kwa kukangana pakati pa zinthu zolimba. Kuchuluka kwa kukangana kumasintha pamene katundu watsika, koma mtengo wake ndi pakati pa 0.05-0.15. Chifukwa chake, ili ndi ubwino wa kukana koyambira kochepa komanso kugwira ntchito bwino popanga ma bearing.
6. Kusamamatira ndi mphamvu yaying'ono kwambiri ya pamwamba pa zinthu zolimba, ndipo sikumamatira ku zinthu zilizonse. Pafupifupi zinthu zonse sizimamatira. Mafilimu owonda kwambiri amasonyezanso mphamvu zabwino zosamamatira.
7. Ndi yopanda fungo, yopanda kukoma, yopanda poizoni, yopanda mphamvu m'thupi, ndipo ilibe zotsatirapo zoyipa ikayikidwa m'thupi ngati mitsempha yamagazi yopangidwa ndi ziwalo kwa nthawi yayitali.
8. Yopepuka komanso yosinthasintha. Imachepetsa kwambiri mphamvu ya wogwiritsa ntchito.
Njira zina zodziwika bwino zogwiritsira ntchito machubu a PTFE:
1. Makampani a Zamankhwala
Chifukwa cha kukana kwambiri mankhwala ku mankhwala onse, machubu a PTFE ndi abwino kwambiri kugwiritsidwa ntchito mumakampani opanga mankhwala. Izi zikuphatikizapo makampani opanga ma semiconductor. Njira zamakono zopangira ma semiconductor zimafuna kuyeza bwino ndi kunyamula zakumwa zowononga (ma acid ndi ma base). Izi zitha kuwononga kwambiri chubu chotumizira katundu pakapita nthawi yochepa.
2. Makampani opanga magalimoto
Mu injini ya galimoto, mapaipi apamwamba opangidwa ndi PTFE amagwiritsidwa ntchito potulutsa mafuta ndi njanji zamafuta. Monga mapaipi amafuta, mapaipi a turbocharger, mapaipi oziziritsira, mapaipi a mabuleki odzipangira okha, mapaipi a mabuleki a njinga yamoto, mapaipi a injini ya dizilo, mapaipi othamanga ndi mapaipi oyendetsera amphamvu. Makhalidwe a kutentha kwambiri ndi kutentha kochepa, kukana kuthamanga kwambiri, kukana kutopa ndi kukana dzimbiri kwa chubu cha PTFE zimapangitsa kuti chikhale ndi moyo wautali popanda kusinthidwa pafupipafupi.
3. Makampani osindikizira a 3D
Mu kusindikiza kwa 3D, ulusi uyenera kusamutsidwira ku nozzle yosindikizira, yomwe iyenera kuchitika kutentha kwambiri. PTFE chubu ndi polima yomwe imakondedwa kwambiri mumakampani osindikizira a 3D chifukwa cha kutentha kwake kokwanira komanso mawonekedwe ake osamamatira, omwe amathandiza kutsitsa zinthu mosavuta kuchokera ku nozzle.
4. Makampani azachipatala
Makhalidwe apadera a machubu a PTFE amakhalanso ndi kapangidwe kosavuta kuyeretsa pamwamba. M'zaka khumi zapitazi, machubu a PTFE akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzipangizo zachipatala. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kukangana kwa machubu a PTFE, zikutanthauza kuti ali ndi malo osalala kwambiri omwe saphimba kapena kuthandiza kukula kwa mabakiteriya. Pakati pawo, mapayipi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ma cannula, ma catheter, ma pipettes ndi ma endoscopes.
5. Makampani ogulitsa chakudya
Chifukwa cha kusambitsa kwake kosavuta komanso kosamamatira, mapaipi a PTFE angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'makampani azakudya. Makamaka, machubu opangidwa ndi PTFE osadzazidwa ndi oyenera chifukwa cha kusalowerera kwawo m'thupi ndipo amatsatira malangizo a US Food and Drug Administration. Chifukwa chake, zatsimikiziridwa kuti sizingavulaze akakhudzana ndi pulasitiki ndi chakudya chamtundu uliwonse.
Kugula chubu choyenera cha PTFE sikuti kungosankha zinthu zosiyanasiyana pa ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Pali zambiri zoti musankhe wopanga wodalirika. Besteflon Fluorine plastic Industry Co., Ltd. yakhala ikupanga mapayipi ndi machubu apamwamba a PTFE kwa zaka 15. Ngati muli ndi mafunso ndi zosowa, chonde musazengereze kutifunsa kuti mudziwe zambiri za akatswiri.
Nkhani Zofanana
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-13-2022