I-Polytetrafluoroethylene (i-polytetrafluoroethylene) mhlawumbi yeyona fluoropolymer isetyenziswa kakhulu kuba ineempawu ezininzi eziyenza ibe yinto efanelekileyo yoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo.Iguquguquka ngakumbi kuneminye imibhobho efanayo kwaye inokuxhathisa phantse zonke iikhemikhali zamashishini
Uluhlu lwamaqondo obushushu lumalunga -330°F ukuya kuma-500°F, lubonelela ngowona luhlu lubanzi lobushushu phakathi kweefluoropolymers.Ukongeza, ineempawu ezibalaseleyo zombane kunye ne-low magnetic permeability.Ityhubhu ye-Ptfe yeyona tyhubhu isetyenziswa kakhulu kwilabhoratri kunye nokusetyenziswa apho ukumelana neekhemikhali kunye nokucoceka kubalulekile.PTFEinomlinganiso ophantsi kakhulu wokukhuhlane kwaye yenye yezona zinto "zityibilikayo" ezaziwayo
Iimbonakalo:
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Uluhlu olubanzi lobushushu
Ukungena okuphantsi
Umphezulu ogudileyo ongabambekiyo
Elona coefficient yokukhuhlana
Ukusebenza kombane okugqwesileyo
Ukungatsha
Ayinatyhefu
Usetyenziso:
ilabhoratri
Inkqubo yeMichiza
Uhlalutyo kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza
Ukubeka iliso ekukhutshweni
Ubushushu obuphantsi
ubushushu obuphezulu
Umbane
ozone
Ubume beemolekyuli zePTFE
I-Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) yenziwe yi-polymerization yeemolekyuli ezininzi ze-tetrafluoroethylene.
Lo mzobo olula we-PTFE awubonisi ubume be-athom-ntathu ye-molecule.Kwimolekyuli elula yepoly (i-ethylene), i-carbon backbone ye-molecule idityaniswe kuphela ngeeathom ze-hydrogen, kwaye eli khonkco libhetyebhetye kakhulu-ngokuqinisekileyo ayisiyo molekyuli yomgca.
Nangona kunjalo, kwi-polytetrafluoroethylene, i-athomu ye-fluorine kwiqela le-CF2 inkulu ngokwaneleyo ukuphazamisa i-athomu ye-fluorine kwiqela elikufutshane.Kuya kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba yonke iathom yefluorine ineeperi ezi-3 zee-electron eziphuma ngaphandle
Isiphumo soku kukucinezela ukujikeleza kwekhabhoni-carbon bond enye.Iiathom zefluorine zikholisa ukucwangciswa ukuze zibe kude kangangoko kwiiathom zefluorine ezikufuphi.Ukujikeleza kudla ngokubandakanya ukungqubana kwesibini phakathi kweeathom zefluorine ezikufutshane ne-athom yekhabhoni-nto leyo eyenza ukujikeleziswa ngamandla kungathandeki.
Amandla aphikisayo avale i-molecule ibe yintonga yentonga, kwaye iiathom ze-fluorine zicwangciswe kwi-spiral epholileyo-i-athomu ze-fluorine zicwangciswe kwi-spiral ejikeleze i-carbon backbone.Le micu yokukhokela iya kucudiswa kunye njengeepensile ezinde, ezibhityileyo ebhokisini
Olu lungiselelo loqhagamshelwano olusondeleyo lunempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwimikhosi ye-intermolecular, njengoko uya kubona
Amandla e-Intermolecular kunye nendawo yokunyibilika ye-PTFE
Indawo yokunyibilika yepolytetrafluoroethylene icatshulwe njenge 327°C.Oku kuphezulu kakhulu kule polima, ngoko ke kufuneka kubekho amandla amakhulu e-van der Waals phakathi kweeathom
Kutheni abantu besithi imikhosi ye-van der Waals kwi-PTFE ibuthathaka?
Amandla okusasazwa kwe-van der Waals abangelwa yi-dipoles eguquguqukayo yethutyana eveliswa xa ii-electron ezikwimolekyuli zijikeleza.Ngenxa yokuba i-molecule ye-PTFE inkulu, unokulindela amandla amakhulu okusasazwa kuba zininzi ii-electron ezinokuhamba.
Imeko eqhelekileyo kukuba i-molecule inkulu, amandla amakhulu okusasaza
Nangona kunjalo, i-PTFE inengxaki.I-Fluorine i-electronegative kakhulu.Ikholisa ukubopha i-electrons kwibhondi ye-carbon-fluorine ngokuqinileyo kunye, ngokuqinileyo ukuba ii-electron zingakwazi ukuhamba njengoko ucinga.Sichaza ibhondi ye-carbon-fluorine njengengenayo i-polarization enamandla
Amandla kaVan der Waals aquka ukusebenzisana kwe-dipole-dipole.Kodwa kwi-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), i-molecule nganye ijikelezwe ngumaleko wee-athom ze-fluorine ezihlawuliswa kakubi kancinci.Kule meko, intsebenziswano enokwenzeka kuphela phakathi kweemolekyuli kukunyathelana!
Ke amandla okusasaza abuthathaka kunokuba ucinga, kwaye ukusebenzisana kwe-dipole-dipole kuya kubangela ukurhoxa.Akumangalisi ukuba abantu bathi amandla e-van der Waals kwi-PTFE abuthathaka kakhulu.Awuyi kufumana amandla aphikisayo, kuba impembelelo yamandla okusasazwa inkulu kunentsebenziswano ye-dipole-dipole, kodwa umphumo wenetha kukuba amandla e-van der Waals aya kuthambekela ekubeni buthathaka.
Kodwa i-PTFE inendawo ephezulu yokunyibilika, ngoko ke amandla abambe iimolekyuli kunye kufuneka abe namandla kakhulu.
Ingaba i-PTFE ingaba nenqanaba eliphezulu lokunyibilika njani?
I-PTFE iyikristale kakhulu, kule ngqiqo kukho indawo enkulu, iimolekyuli zikwilungiselelo eliqhelekileyo.Khumbula, iimolekyuli ze-PTFE zinokucingelwa njengeentonga ezinde.Ezi zibonda ziya kudityaniswa ngokusondeleyo
Oku kuthetha ukuba nangona imolekyuli ye-ptfe ingenako ukuvelisa iidipoles ezinkulu zexeshana, i-dipoles ingasetyenziswa kakuhle kakhulu.
Ke ngaba i-van der Waals imikhosi kwi-PTFE ibuthathaka okanye yomelele?
Ndicinga ukuba ningalunga nobabini!Ukuba iintambo ze-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) zicwangciswe ngendlela yokuba kungabikho uqhagamshelwano olusondeleyo phakathi kwamatyathanga, amandla phakathi kwawo aya kuba buthathaka kakhulu kwaye indawo yokunyibilika iya kuba phantsi kakhulu.
Kodwa kwihlabathi lenene, iimolekyuli zisondelelene.Amandla kaVan der Waals asenokungabi namandla njengoko anokuba nawo, kodwa ulwakhiwo lwe-PTFE luthetha ukuba baziva benempembelelo enkulu, bevelisa iibhondi eziqinileyo ze-intermolecular kunye namanqaku aphezulu okunyibilika.
Oku kuhluke kwamanye amandla, njengamandla e-dipole-dipole interaction force, eyancitshiswa kuphela ngamaxesha e-23, okanye kabini umgama uyancipha ngamaxesha e-8.
Ke ngoko, ukupakishwa okuqinileyo kweemolekyuli ezimile okwentonga kwi-PTFE kukhulisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokusasazwa.
Iimpawu zokungakhuni
Yiyo loo nto amanzi kunye ne-oyile zingabambeleli kumphezulu we-PTFE, kwaye kutheni ungaqhotsa amaqanda kwi-PTFE-coated pan ngaphandle kokuncamathela epanini.
Kufuneka uqwalasele ukuba yeyiphi na amandla anokulungisa ezinye iimolekyuli kumphezulu wazoPTFE.Inokubandakanya uhlobo oluthile lwebhondi yeekhemikhali, i-van der Waals force okanye i-hydrogen bond
Ukudibanisa imichiza
Ibhondi ye-carbon-fluorine yomelele kakhulu, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba nayiphi na enye iamolekyu ifikelele kwikhonkco lekhabhoni ukuze ibangele nayiphi na indawo yokuphendula ukuba yenzeke.Akunakwenzeka ukuba ibhondi yeekhemikhali yenzeke
van der Waals imikhosi
Siye sabona ukuba i-van der Waals force kwi-PTFE ayinamandla kakhulu, kwaye iya kwenza kuphela i-PTFE ibe neqondo eliphezulu lokunyibilika, kuba iimolekyuli zisondele kakhulu ukuba zidibene kakhulu.
Kodwa yahlukile kwezinye iimolekyuli ezikufutshane kumphezulu we-PTFE.Iimolekyuli ezincinci (ezifana neamolekyu zamanzi okanye i-oyile) ziya kuba noqhagamshelwano oluncinci kunye nomphezulu, kwaye kuphela umlinganiselo omncinci we-van der Waals uya kuveliswa.
I-molecule enkulu (efana neprotheni) ayiyi kuba yintonga, ngoko ke akukho qhagamshelwano olusebenzayo olwaneleyo phakathi kwayo kunye nomphezulu wokoyisa i-polarization ephantsi ye-PTFE.
Nokuba yeyiphi indlela, amandla e-van der Waals phakathi komphezulu we-PTFE kunye nezinto ezingqongileyo zincinci kwaye azisebenzi.
Iibhondi zeHydrogen
Iimolekyuli ze-PTFE kumphezulu zisongelwe ngokupheleleyo ziiathom zefluorine.Ezi athom zefluorine zinamandla kakhulu e-electronegative, ngoko ke zonke zithwala iqondo elithile lentlawulo engalunganga.Ifluorine nganye ikwaneeperi ezi-3 zee-electron eziphuma ngaphandle
Ezi ziimeko ezifunekayo ekwenziweni kweebhondi zehydrogen, ezifana nesibini esisodwa kwifluorine kunye neathom yehydrogen emanzini.Kodwa oku ngokuqinisekileyo akuyi kwenzeka, ngaphandle koko kuya kubakho umtsalane onamandla phakathi kwee-molecule ze-PTFE kunye neemolekyuli zamanzi, kwaye amanzi aya kunamathela kwi-PTFE.
Isishwankathelo
Akukho ndlela isebenzayo yokuba ezinye iimolekyuli zincamathele ngempumelelo kumphezulu we-PTFE, ngoko ke inomphezulu ongentonga.
Ukukhuhlana okuphantsi
I-coefficient yokukhuhlana kwe-PTFE iphantsi kakhulu.Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba unomphezulu oqatywe nge-ptfe, ezinye izinto ziya kutyibilika ngokulula kuwo.
Ngezantsi sisishwankathelo esikhawulezayo sento eyenzekayo.Oku kuvela kwiphepha le-1992 elinesihloko esithi "Friction and Wear of Polytetrafluoroethylene".
Ekuqaleni kokutyibilika, umphezulu wePTFE uyaqhawuka kwaye ubunzima bukhutshelwe naphi na apho butyibilika khona.Oku kuthetha ukuba umphezulu we-PTFE uya kunxiba.
Njengoko i-sliding iqhubeka, iibhloko zatyhila kwiifilimu ezincinci.
Ngexesha elifanayo, umphezulu we-PTFE utsalwa ukuba wenze umaleko olungelelanisiweyo.
Zombini iindawo ezinxibelelana nazo ngoku zineemolekyuli ze-PTFE ezilungelelaniswe kakuhle ezinokutyibilika enye kwenye.
Oku kungasentla kukuqaliswa kwe-polytetrafluoroethylene, i-polytetrafluoroethylene inokwenziwa kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo, sikhethekileyo ekwenzeni i-ptfe tube,abenzi ithumbu ptfe, wamkelekile ukunxibelelana nathi
Uphendlo olunxulumene nethumbu le-ptfe:
Ixesha lokuposa: May-05-2021