I-Polytetrafluoroethylene (i-polytetrafluoroethylene) mhlawumbi yeyona fluoropolymer isetyenziswa kakhulu kuba ineempawu ezininzi ezenza ukuba ibe yinto efanelekileyo yokusetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Iguquguquka ngakumbi kunezinye iipayipi ezifanayo kwaye inokumelana phantse nazo zonke iikhemikhali zoshishino.
Uluhlu lobushushu lumalunga ne -330°F ukuya kwi 500°F, nto leyo enika uludwe olubanzi lobushushu phakathi kwee fluoropolymers. Ukongeza, ineempawu zombane ezibalaseleyo kunye nokungena okuphantsi kwemagnethi. I-Ptfe tube yeyona tube isetyenziswa kakhulu kwilebhu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo apho ukumelana neekhemikhali kunye nobunyulu kubalulekile.I-PTFEine-coefficient ephantsi kakhulu yokungqubana kwaye yenye yezona zinto "zityibilikayo" zaziwayo
Iimbonakalo:
I-resin ye-PTFE ecocekileyo eyi-100%
Xa kuthelekiswa ne-FEP, PFA, HP PFA, UHP PFA, ETFE, ECTFE, uninzi lweepayipi ze-fluoropolymer eziguquguqukayo
Ayisebenzi kakuhle ngokweekhemikhali, ayimelani phantse nazo zonke iikhemikhali kunye nezinyibilikisi zoshishino
Uluhlu olubanzi lobushushu
Ukungena okuphantsi
Ukugqitywa komphezulu ongenamathelanga kakuhle
Eyona coefficient iphantsi yokungqubana
Ukusebenza kakuhle kombane
Ayitshisi
Ayinatyhefu
Izicelo:
ilebhu
Inkqubo yekhemikhali
Izixhobo zohlalutyo kunye neenkqubo
Ukubeka iliso ekukhutshweni komoya
Ubushushu obuphantsi
ubushushu obuphezulu
Umbane
i-ozone
Ulwakhiwo lweemolekyuli ze-PTFE
I-Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) yenziwa yi-polymerization yee-molecules ezininzi ze-tetrafluoroethylene
Lo mzobo we-PTFE olula awubonisi ulwakhiwo olunemilinganiselo emithathu yemolekyuli. Kwi-poly(ethylene) elula yemolekyuli, umqolo wekhabhoni wemolekyuli uqhagamshelwe kuphela ziiathom ze-hydrogen, kwaye olu tyathanga luguquguquka kakhulu-ngokuqinisekileyo aluyomolekyuli ethe tye.
Nangona kunjalo, kwi-polytetrafluoroethylene, i-atom ye-fluorine kwiqela le-CF2 inkulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba iphazamise i-atom ye-fluorine kwiqela elikufutshane. Kuya kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba i-atom nganye ye-fluorine inee-elektroni ezi-3 eziphumayo.
Isiphumo sale nto kukucinezela ukujikeleza kwebhondi enye yekhabhoni nekhabhoni. Iiathom ze-fluorine zihlala zicwangciswe ngendlela yokuba zibe kude kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwiiathom ze-fluorine ezikufutshane. Ukujikeleza kudla ngokubandakanya ukungqubana kwesibini esinye phakathi kweeathom ze-fluorine kwiiathom zekhabhoni ezikufutshane-nto leyo eyenza ukujikeleza kube nzima ngamandla.
Amandla agxothayo avala imolekyuli ibe yimo yentonga, kwaye iiathom zefluorine zicwangciswe ngendlela ethambileyo kakhulu—iiathom zefluorine zicwangciswe ngendlela ejikelezayo ejikeleze umqolo wekhabhoni. Ezi migca zelothe ziya kucinezelwa ndawonye njengeepensele ezinde, ezincinci ebhokisini.
Olu lungiselelo lonxibelelwano olusondeleyo lunempembelelo ebalulekileyo kumandla aphakathi kweemolekyuli, njengoko uza kubona
Amandla aphakathi kweemolekyuli kunye nendawo yokunyibilika kwe-PTFE
Iqondo lokunyibilika kwe-polytetrafluoroethylene licatshulwe njenge-327°C. Oku kuphezulu kakhulu kule polymer, ngoko ke kufuneka kubekho amandla amakhulu e-van der Waals phakathi kwee-molecules.
Kutheni abantu besithi amandla e-van der Waals kwi-PTFE abuthathaka?
Amandla okusasazwa kwe-van der Waals abangelwa zii-dipoles ezitshintshatshintshayo okwethutyana eziveliswayo xa ii-electron ezikwimolekyuli zijikeleza. Ngenxa yokuba imolekyuli ye-PTFE inkulu, ungalindela amandla amakhulu okusasazwa kuba kukho ii-electron ezininzi ezinokuhamba.
Imeko ngokubanzi kukuba okukhona imolekyuli inkulu, kokukhona amandla okusasazwa esanda
Nangona kunjalo, i-PTFE inengxaki. I-Fluorine ayinayo i-electronegative kakhulu. Idla ngokubopha ii-electron kwi-carbon-fluorine bond ngokuqinileyo kunye, kangangokuba ii-electron azikwazi ukuhamba njengoko ucinga. Sichaza i-carbon-fluorine bond njengengena-polarization enamandla.
Amandla eVan der Waals aquka nokusebenzisana kwe-dipole-dipole. Kodwa kwi-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), imolekyuli nganye ijikelezwe ngumaleko wee-athomu ze-fluorine ezitshajwe kancinci. Kule meko, ukusebenzisana okunokwenzeka phakathi kweemolekyuli kukugxothwa okudibeneyo!
Ngoko ke amandla okusasaza abuthathaka kunokuba ucinga, kwaye ukusebenzisana kwe-dipole-dipole kuya kubangela ukugxothwa. Akumangalisi ukuba abantu bathi amandla e-van der Waals kwi-PTFE abuthathaka kakhulu. Awuyi kufumana amandla agxothwayo, kuba impembelelo yamandla okusasaza inkulu kuneyokusebenzisana kwe-dipole-dipole, kodwa isiphumo kukuba amandla e-van der Waals aya kuthanda ukuba buthathaka.
Kodwa i-PTFE inendawo yokunyibilika ephezulu kakhulu, ngoko ke amandla abambe iimolekyuli kufuneka abe namandla kakhulu.
I-PTFE ingaba njani nendawo yokunyibilika ephezulu?
I-PTFE ibubukrelekrele kakhulu, ngale ndlela kukho indawo enkulu, iimolekyuli zikwimeko eqhelekileyo. Khumbula, iimolekyuli ze-PTFE zinokuthathwa njengeentonga ezinde. Ezi zibonda ziya kuhlanganiswa ngokusondeleyo.
Oku kuthetha ukuba nangona imolekyuli ye-ptfe ingenakuvelisa ii-dipoles ezinkulu zexeshana, ii-dipoles zingasetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kakhulu.
Ngoko ke ngaba amandla e-van der Waals kwi-PTFE abuthathaka okanye anamandla?
Ndicinga ukuba nobabini ningaba nichanekile! Ukuba imixokelelwane ye-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) icwangciswe ngendlela yokuba kungabikho nxibelelwano lusondeleyo phakathi kwemixokelelwane, amandla phakathi kwayo aya kuba buthathaka kakhulu kwaye indawo yokunyibilika iya kuba sezantsi kakhulu.
Kodwa kwihlabathi lokwenyani, iimolekyuli zisondelelene kakhulu. Amandla eVan der Waals asenokungabi namandla njengoko enokuba njalo, kodwa ulwakhiwo lwe-PTFE luthetha ukuba luziva lunefuthe elikhulu, luvelisa iibhondi eziqinileyo ze-intermolecular kunye neendawo eziphezulu zokunyibilika.
Oku kwahlukile kwamanye amandla, njenge-dipole-dipole interaction force, encitshiswa kuphela ngamaxesha angama-23, okanye kabini umgama uncitshiswe ngamaxesha asi-8.
Ke ngoko, ukupakishwa okuqinileyo kwee-molecules ezimile njengentonga kwi-PTFE kwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokusasazeka
Iimpawu ezinganamatheliyo
Yingakho amanzi neoyile zinganamatheli kumphezulu we-PTFE, kwaye kutheni ungaqhotsa amaqanda kwipani egqunywe yi-PTFE ngaphandle kokunamathela epanini.
Kufuneka ucinge ngamandla anokulungisa ezinye iimolekyuli kumphezulu we-I-PTFEIngabandakanya uhlobo oluthile lwebhondi yeekhemikhali, amandla e-van der Waals okanye ibhondi ye-hydrogen
Ukubopha iikhemikhali
Ikhonkco le-carbon-fluorine linamandla kakhulu, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba ezinye iimolekyuli zifikelele kwikhonkco le-carbon ukuze zibangele ukuba kwenzeke naluphi na utshintsho. Akunakwenzeka ukuba ikhonkco leekhemikhali lenzeke
imikhosi kavan der Waals
Sibonile ukuba amandla e-van der Waals kwi-PTFE awanamandla kakhulu, kwaye aya kwenza i-PTFE ibe nendawo yokunyibilika ephezulu, kuba iimolekyuli zisondelelene kangangokuba zinonxibelelwano olusebenzayo kakhulu.
Kodwa yahlukile kwezinye iimolekyuli ezikufutshane nomphezulu we-PTFE. Iimolekyuli ezincinci (ezifana neemolekyuli zamanzi okanye iimolekyuli zeoyile) ziya kuba nomlinganiselo omncinci wokunxibelelana nomphezulu, kwaye kuya kuveliswa kuphela umlinganiselo omncinci womtsalane we-van der Waals.
Imolekyuli enkulu (efana neproteni) ayizukuba yintonga, ngoko ke akukho nxibelelwano lwaneleyo olusebenzayo phakathi kwayo nomphezulu ukuze koyiswe ukuthambekela okuphantsi kwe-PTFE kokuqhekeka.
Nokuba yeyiphi na indlela, amandla e-van der Waals phakathi komphezulu we-PTFE nezinto ezingqongileyo mancinci kwaye akasebenzi kakuhle.
Iibhondi zeHydrogen
Iimolekyuli ze-PTFE ezikumphezulu zigqunywe ngokupheleleyo ziiathom ze-fluorine. Ezi athom ze-fluorine zi-electronegative kakhulu, ngoko ke zonke zithwala inqanaba elithile le-negative charge. I-fluorine nganye ikwanazo neepere ezi-3 zee-electron eziphumayo.
Ezi ziimeko ezifunekayo ukuze kusekwe iibhondi zehydrogen, njengesibini esizimeleyo kwi-fluorine kunye ne-atom yehydrogen emanzini. Kodwa ngokucacileyo oku akuyi kwenzeka, kungenjalo kuya kubakho umtsalane omkhulu phakathi kwee-molecule ze-PTFE kunye nee-molecule zamanzi, kwaye amanzi aya kunamathela kwi-PTFE.
Isishwankathelo
Akukho ndlela isebenzayo yokuba ezinye iimolekyuli zinamathele ngempumelelo kumphezulu we-PTFE, ngoko ke inomphezulu onganamatheliyo
Ukungqubana okuphantsi
I-coefficient of friction ye-PTFE iphantsi kakhulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba unomphezulu ogqunywe yi-ptfe, ezinye izinto ziya kutyibilika lula kuwo.
Apha ngezantsi kukho isishwankathelo esifutshane sento eyenzekayo. Oku kuvela kwiphepha lika-1992 elinomxholo othi "Ukuqhawuka kunye nokuNcitshiswa kwePolytetrafluoroethylene".
Ekuqaleni kokutyibilika, umphezulu we-PTFE uyaphuka kwaye ubunzima budluliselwa naphi na apho utyibilika khona. Oku kuthetha ukuba umphezulu we-PTFE uya kutshabalala.
Njengoko ukutyibilika kuqhubeka, iibhloko zavuleka zaba ziifilimu ezincinci.
Kwangaxeshanye, umphezulu we-PTFE utsalwa ukuze wenze umaleko ohleliweyo.
Zombini iindawo ezinxibelelanayo ngoku zineemolekyuli ze-PTFE ezilungelelaniswe kakuhle ezinokutyibilika kwenye kwenye
Oku kungentla kukungeniswa kwe-polytetrafluoroethylene, i-polytetrafluoroethylene inokwenziwa ibe ziimveliso ezahlukeneyo, singoochwephesha ekwenzeni ityhubhu ye-ptfe,abavelisi bepayipi ye-ptfe, wamkelekile ukunxibelelana nathi
Uphendlo olunxulumene nepayipi ye-ptfe:
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-05-2021