Polytetrafluoroethylene (polytetrafluoroethylene) wataƙila shine fluoropolymer da aka fi amfani da shi saboda yana da halaye da yawa waɗanda suka sa ya zama kayan aiki mai kyau don aikace-aikace iri-iri. Ya fi sassauƙa fiye da sauran bututun da suka yi kama da juna kuma yana iya tsayayya da kusan dukkanin sinadarai na masana'antu.
Yanayin zafin yana tsakanin -330°F zuwa 500°F, wanda ke samar da mafi girman kewayon zafin jiki tsakanin fluoropolymers. Bugu da ƙari, yana da kyawawan halaye na lantarki da ƙarancin ikon maganadisu. Bututun Ptfe shine bututun dakin gwaje-gwaje da aka fi amfani da shi da aikace-aikacensa inda juriya da tsarkin sinadarai suke da mahimmanci.PTFEyana da ƙarancin ma'aunin gogayya kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka fi sani da "zamewa"
Siffofi:
100% tsantsar PTFE resin
Idan aka kwatanta da FEP, PFA, HP PFA, UHP PFA, ETFE, ECTFE, mafi sassauƙan bututun fluoropolymer
Ba ya aiki a sinadarai, yana jure wa kusan dukkan sinadarai da sinadarai na masana'antu
Faɗin zafin jiki mai faɗi
Ƙarancin shigar ciki
Kammalawa mai santsi wanda ba ya mannewa
Mafi ƙarancin ma'aunin gogayya
Kyakkyawan aikin lantarki
Ba mai ƙonewa ba
Ba mai guba ba
Aikace-aikace:
dakin gwaje-gwaje
Tsarin sinadarai
Nazari da kayan aikin sarrafawa
Kula da hayaki mai gurbata muhalli
Ƙananan zafin jiki
zafin jiki mai yawa
Wutar Lantarki
ozone
Tsarin kwayoyin PTFE
Ana yin Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) ta hanyar polymerization na ƙwayoyin tetrafluoroethylene da yawa
Wannan zane mai sauƙi na PTFE bai nuna tsarin girma uku na ƙwayar ba. A cikin poly(ethylene) mai sauƙi na ƙwayar halitta, ƙashin bayan carbon na ƙwayar halitta yana haɗuwa ne kawai ta hanyar atom ɗin hydrogen, kuma wannan sarkar tana da sassauƙa sosai - tabbas ba kwayar layi ba ce.
Duk da haka, a cikin polytetrafluoroethylene, ƙwayar fluorine a cikin rukunin CF2 tana da girma sosai don tsoma baki tare da ƙwayar fluorine a cikin rukunin da ke kusa. Dole ne ku tuna cewa kowace ƙwayar fluorine tana da nau'i-nau'i uku na electrons guda ɗaya da ke fitowa daga waje.
Tasirin wannan shine hana juyawar haɗin carbon-carbon guda ɗaya. Kwayoyin fluorine galibi ana shirya su ne don su kasance nesa da ƙwayoyin fluorine da ke kusa da su. Juyawa yakan ƙunshi karo-biyu tsakanin ƙwayoyin fluorine akan ƙwayoyin carbon da ke kusa da su - wanda hakan ke sa juyawar ta zama mara kyau ga kuzari.
Ƙarfin da ke hana shi ya kulle ƙwayoyin halittar zuwa siffar sanda, kuma an shirya ƙwayoyin fluorine a cikin wani siffa mai laushi—an shirya ƙwayoyin fluorine a cikin wani siffa mai zagaye a kusa da kashin carbon. Za a matse waɗannan tsiri na gubar tare kamar dogayen fensir siriri a cikin akwati.
Wannan tsarin hulɗa ta kud da kud yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan ƙarfin intermolecular, kamar yadda zaku gani
Ƙarfin intermolecular da wurin narkewar PTFE
An ambaci wurin narkewar polytetrafluoroethylene a matsayin 327°C. Wannan yana da yawa ga wannan polymer, don haka dole ne a sami ƙarfin van der Waals mai yawa tsakanin ƙwayoyin.
Me yasa mutane ke da'awar cewa sojojin van der Waals a PTFE ba su da ƙarfi?
Ƙarfin watsawar van der Waals yana faruwa ne sakamakon canjin lokaci na dipoles da ake samu lokacin da electrons ɗin da ke cikin kwayar halittar ke motsawa. Saboda yawan ƙwayoyin PTFE, za ku yi tsammanin babban ƙarfin watsawa saboda akwai electrons da yawa da za su iya motsawa.
Yanayin gabaɗaya shine cewa girman kwayar halittar, girman ƙarfin watsawa
Duk da haka, PTFE tana da matsala. Fluorine yana da electronegative sosai. Yana da alaƙa da ɗaure electrons a cikin haɗin carbon-fluorine tare sosai, ta yadda electrons ba za su iya motsawa kamar yadda kuke tsammani ba. Mun bayyana haɗin carbon-fluorine a matsayin rashin ƙarfi na polarization.
Ƙarfin Van der Waals kuma ya haɗa da hulɗar dipole-dipole. Amma a cikin polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), kowace ƙwayar halitta tana kewaye da wani yanki na ƙwayoyin fluorine masu ɗan caji mara kyau. A wannan yanayin, hulɗar da za a iya yi tsakanin ƙwayoyin halitta ita ce tursasa juna!
Don haka ƙarfin watsawa ya fi rauni fiye da yadda kuke zato, kuma hulɗar dipole-dipole zai haifar da ƙin yarda. Ba abin mamaki ba ne mutane su ce ƙarfin van der Waals a cikin PTFE yana da rauni sosai. Ba za ku sami ƙarfin ƙin yarda ba, saboda tasirin ƙarfin watsawa ya fi na hulɗar dipole-dipole girma, amma tasirin yanar gizo shine cewa ƙarfin van der Waals zai yi rauni.
Amma PTFE yana da ma'aunin narkewa mai yawa, don haka ƙarfin da ke riƙe ƙwayoyin halitta tare dole ne ya kasance mai ƙarfi sosai
Ta yaya PTFE zai iya samun babban wurin narkewa?
PTFE yana da lu'ulu'u sosai, a wannan ma'anar akwai babban yanki, ƙwayoyin suna cikin tsari na yau da kullun. Ku tuna, ana iya ɗaukar ƙwayoyin PTFE a matsayin sanduna masu tsayi. Waɗannan sandunan za a haɗa su sosai tare
Wannan yana nufin cewa kodayake kwayar ptfe ba za ta iya samar da manyan dipoles na ɗan lokaci ba, ana iya amfani da dipoles yadda ya kamata.
To shin sojojin van der Waals a cikin PTFE suna da rauni ko ƙarfi?
Ina tsammanin za ku iya yin gaskiya duka biyun! Idan an shirya sarƙoƙin polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) ta yadda babu kusanci tsakanin sarƙoƙin, ƙarfin da ke tsakaninsu zai yi rauni sosai kuma wurin narkewa zai yi ƙasa sosai.
Amma a zahiri, ƙwayoyin halitta suna da kusanci sosai. Ƙarfin Van der Waals bazai yi ƙarfi kamar yadda suke ba, amma tsarin PTFE yana nufin suna jin babban tasiri, yana samar da haɗin gwiwa mai ƙarfi tsakanin ƙwayoyin halitta da kuma wuraren narkewa mai yawa.
Wannan ya bambanta da sauran ƙarfi, kamar ƙarfin hulɗar dipole-dipole, wanda aka rage shi sau 23 kawai, ko kuma nisan da aka rage shi sau 8 sau biyu.
Saboda haka, matsewar ƙwayoyin da ke da siffar sanda a cikin PTFE yana ƙara ingancin watsawa
Propertiesarancin da ba sa mannewa
Wannan shine dalilin da yasa ruwa da mai ba sa mannewa a saman PTFE, kuma me yasa zaka iya soya ƙwai a cikin kaskon da aka shafa da PTFE ba tare da mannewa a cikin kaskon ba
Kana buƙatar la'akari da irin ƙarfin da zai iya gyara wasu ƙwayoyin halitta a samanPTFEYana iya haɗawa da wani nau'in haɗin sinadarai, ƙarfin van der Waals ko haɗin hydrogen
Haɗin sinadarai
Haɗin carbon-fluorine yana da ƙarfi sosai, kuma ba zai yiwu ga wasu ƙwayoyin halitta su isa sarkar carbon don haifar da wani canjin amsawa ba. Ba zai yiwu ba haɗin sinadarai ya faru
sojojin van der Waals
Mun ga cewa ƙarfin van der Waals a cikin PTFE ba shi da ƙarfi sosai, kuma zai sa PTFE ta sami wurin narkewa mai yawa, saboda ƙwayoyin suna kusa sosai har suna da tasiri sosai wajen hulɗa.
Amma ya bambanta ga sauran ƙwayoyin da ke kusa da saman PTFE. Ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta (kamar ƙwayoyin ruwa ko ƙwayoyin mai) za su yi ɗan taɓawa da saman, kuma ƙaramin adadin jan hankalin van der Waals ne kawai za a samar.
Babban kwayar halitta (kamar furotin) ba za ta kasance mai siffar sanda ba, don haka babu isasshen hulɗa mai tasiri tsakaninta da saman don shawo kan ƙarancin yanayin rarrabuwar PTFE.
Ko ta yaya, ƙarfin van der Waals tsakanin saman PTFE da abubuwan da ke kewaye ƙarami ne kuma ba shi da tasiri.
Haɗin hydrogen
Kwayoyin PTFE da ke saman an naɗe su gaba ɗaya da ƙwayoyin fluorine. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin fluorine suna da electronegative sosai, don haka duk suna ɗauke da wani matakin cajin negative. Kowace ƙwayar fluorine kuma tana da nau'i-nau'i uku na electrons masu fitowa ɗaya ɗaya.
Waɗannan su ne sharuɗɗan da ake buƙata don samar da haɗin hydrogen, kamar nau'in haɗin kai ɗaya akan fluorine da kuma atom ɗin hydrogen a cikin ruwa. Amma a bayyane yake cewa wannan ba zai faru ba, in ba haka ba za a sami babban jan hankali tsakanin ƙwayoyin PTFE da ƙwayoyin ruwa, kuma ruwan zai manne da PTFE.
Takaitaccen Bayani
Babu wata hanya mai inganci ga sauran ƙwayoyin halitta su haɗu da su cikin nasara a saman PTFE, don haka yana da saman da ba ya mannewa
Ƙananan gogayya
Yawan gogayya na PTFE yana da ƙasa sosai. Wannan yana nufin cewa idan kana da saman da aka shafa da ptfe, wasu abubuwa za su zame a kai cikin sauƙi.
A ƙasa akwai taƙaitaccen bayani game da abin da ke faruwa. Wannan ya fito ne daga wata takarda ta 1992 mai taken "Friction and Weake of Polytetrafluoroethylene".
A farkon zamiya, saman PTFE ya karye kuma ana canja wurin nauyin zuwa duk inda yake zamiya. Wannan yana nufin cewa saman PTFE zai lalace.
Yayin da zamewar ta ci gaba, tubalan suka fara buɗewa suka zama siriri.
A lokaci guda, ana fitar da saman PTFE don samar da tsari mai tsari.
Dukansu saman da ke hulɗa yanzu suna da ƙwayoyin PTFE masu tsari sosai waɗanda za su iya zamewa a kan junansu
Abin da ke sama shine gabatarwar polytetrafluoroethylene, ana iya yin polytetrafluoroethylene zuwa samfura iri-iri, mun ƙware wajen yin bututun ptfe、Masu kera bututun ptfe, barka da zuwa don yin magana da mu
Bincike masu alaƙa da bututun ptfe:
Lokacin Saƙo: Mayu-05-2021